{"id":3486,"date":"2019-11-26T21:24:50","date_gmt":"2019-11-26T20:24:50","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/bozppo-neu.cz\/?page_id=3486"},"modified":"2024-11-04T19:15:19","modified_gmt":"2024-11-04T18:15:19","slug":"skoronehody","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"http:\/\/bozppo-neu.cz\/?page_id=3486","title":{"rendered":"Skoronehody"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignright wp-image-1610\" src=\"http:\/\/bozppo-neu.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/02\/s_kyblem_na_hlave.gif\" alt=\"s_kyblem_na_hlave\" width=\"300\" height=\"241\" \/>Skoronehoda (m\u016f\u017eete se setkat i s\u00a0ozna\u010den\u00edm \u201eTo bylo o fous\u201c) je ne\u017e\u00e1douc\u00ed ud\u00e1lost, kter\u00e1 si nevy\u017e\u00e1dala negativn\u00ed n\u00e1sledek, nebo\u0165 chyb\u011bla posledn\u00ed p\u0159\u00ed\u010dina pro vznik <a href=\"http:\/\/bozppo-neu.cz\/?page_id=652\"><strong>pracovn\u00edho \u00farazu<\/strong><\/a> \u2013 ne\u017e\u00e1douc\u00ed kontakt. Pouze ve stejn\u00fd okam\u017eik a na stejn\u00e9m m\u00edst\u011b do\u0161lo jen ke st\u0159etu nebezpe\u010dn\u00e9ho \u010dinitele (stroj, za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, l\u00e1tka, pracovn\u00ed \u010dinnost, zv\u00ed\u0159e, \u010dlov\u011bk atd.) s\u00a0nebezpe\u010dn\u00fdm jedn\u00e1n\u00edm \u010dlov\u011bka. Jedn\u00e1 se nap\u0159\u00edklad o zakopnut\u00ed na schodi\u0161ti bez zran\u011bn\u00ed, nebo\u0165 p\u00e1d byl v\u010das vyrovn\u00e1n, nebo o s\u00e1hnut\u00ed si rukou na ost\u0159\u00ed no\u017ee p\u0159i vyhled\u00e1n\u00ed kuchy\u0148sk\u00e9ho no\u017ee v z\u00e1suvce, ani\u017e do\u0161lo k\u00a0poran\u011bn\u00ed prst\u016f.<\/p>\n<p>Sledov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00fdskytu skoronehod nen\u00ed \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fdm pr\u00e1vn\u00edm p\u0159edpisem po\u017eadov\u00e1no. Pro zam\u011bstnavatele je v\u0161ak v\u00fdhodn\u00e9, nebo\u0165 mu pom\u00e1h\u00e1 p\u0159i vyhled\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed rizik spojen\u00fdch s\u00a0v\u00fdkonem pr\u00e1ce a slou\u017e\u00ed mu k\u00a0v\u010dasn\u00e9mu zabr\u00e1n\u011bn\u00ed vzniku pracovn\u00edho \u00farazu, resp. ke stanoven\u00ed pot\u0159ebn\u00fdch opat\u0159en\u00ed k\u00a0odstran\u011bn\u00ed rizik nebo ke sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed m\u00edry jejich p\u016fsoben\u00ed.<\/p>\n<h4>Pro\u010d sledovat skoronehody?<\/h4>\n<div id=\"attachment_3505\" style=\"width: 260px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-3505\" decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-3505 size-full\" src=\"http:\/\/bozppo-neu.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/250px-Heinrichova-pyramida.png\" alt=\"250px-heinrichova-pyramida\" width=\"250\" height=\"215\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-3505\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #400050;\"><em>Heinrichova pyramida<\/em><\/span><\/p><\/div>\n<p>Pravd\u011bpodobnost vzniku pracovn\u00edho \u00farazu lze statisticky v\u00a0z\u00e1vislosti na po\u010dtu skoronehod p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b vyj\u00e1d\u0159it v\u00a0pom\u011bru: 1 smrteln\u00fd nebo z\u00e1va\u017en\u00fd (s hospitaliza\u00adc\u00ed del\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e p\u011bt dn\u016f) pracovn\u00ed \u00faraz\u00a0:\u00a029 ostatn\u00edm pracovn\u00edm \u00faraz\u016fm\u00a0:\u00a0300 skoronehod\u00e1m. To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee na 300 zakopnut\u00ed na konkr\u00e9tn\u00edm schodi\u0161ti p\u0159ipad\u00e1 pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b jedno s n\u00e1sledkem smrti (neznamen\u00e1 to v\u0161ak, \u017ee to bude a\u017e to 301., resp. 330.). Tyto pom\u011bry jsou zobecn\u011bn\u00e9. V\u00a0ka\u017ed\u00e9m odv\u011btv\u00ed plat\u00ed trochu jin\u00e9 hodnoty, av\u0161ak ne p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 odli\u0161n\u00e9 od t\u011bchto. Tak\u00e9 v pr\u016fb\u011bhu \u010dasu doch\u00e1z\u00ed k men\u0161\u00edm zm\u011bn\u00e1m &#8211; viz obr\u00e1zky n\u00ed\u017ee: nehodov\u00e9 troj\u00faheln\u00edky podle Tye (naho\u0159e), resp. HSE (dole) &#8211; Shadra a Rampal, 1999.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_3510\" style=\"width: 630px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-3510\" decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-3510\" src=\"http:\/\/bozppo-neu.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/Nehodov\u00e9-troj\u00faheln\u00edky-podle_Tye_HSE.png\" alt=\"nehodove-trojuhelniky-podle_tye_hse\" width=\"620\" height=\"352\" srcset=\"http:\/\/bozppo-neu.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/Nehodov\u00e9-troj\u00faheln\u00edky-podle_Tye_HSE.png 581w, http:\/\/bozppo-neu.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/Nehodov\u00e9-troj\u00faheln\u00edky-podle_Tye_HSE-300x170.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 620px) 100vw, 620px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-3510\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #400050;\"><em>Nehodov\u00e9 troj\u00faheln\u00edky<\/em><\/span><\/p><\/div>\n<p>D\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 je uv\u011bdomit si, \u017ee &#8222;t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9mu zran\u011bn\u00ed p\u0159edch\u00e1z\u00ed tis\u00edce skoronehod&#8220; (tzv. prvn\u00ed Heinrich\u016fv postul\u00e1t).<\/p>\n<h4>Hl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed skoronehody<\/h4>\n<p>Skoronehodu m\u016f\u017ee nahl\u00e1sit pouze zam\u011bstnanec, kter\u00e9mu se stala nebo zam\u011bstnanec, kter\u00fd se stal jej\u00edm sv\u011bdkem. Jejich zji\u0161\u0165ov\u00e1n\u00ed je tedy z\u00e1visl\u00e9 na iniciativ\u011b zam\u011bstnanc\u016f. Jak se v\u00a0n\u011bkter\u00fdch spole\u010dnostech uk\u00e1zalo, je vhodn\u00e9, je-li tato iniciativa podpo\u0159ena mor\u00e1ln\u00ed \u010di hmotnou odm\u011bnou. Zp\u016fsob, kter\u00fdm m\u00e1 b\u00fdt skoronehoda nahl\u00e1\u0161ena, si mus\u00ed ka\u017ed\u00fd zam\u011bstnavatel zvolit s\u00e1m podle konkr\u00e9tn\u00edch podm\u00ednek. Je mo\u017en\u00e9 vyu\u017e\u00edt r\u016fzn\u00fdch schr\u00e1nek na pracovi\u0161ti, pap\u00edrov\u00fdch formul\u00e1\u0159\u016f \u010di elektronick\u00e9ho zp\u016fsobu (e-mailem na ur\u010den\u00e9 m\u00edsto, prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm formul\u00e1\u0159e na intern\u00edch webov\u00fdch str\u00e1nk\u00e1ch odborn\u011b zp\u016fsobil\u00e9 osoby k\u00a0zaji\u0161\u0165ov\u00e1n\u00ed \u00fakol\u016f v\u00a0prevenci rizik \u2013 viz obr\u00e1zek, apod.).<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_3490\" style=\"width: 570px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-3490\" decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-3490\" src=\"http:\/\/bozppo-neu.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/skoronehoda.jpg\" alt=\"skoronehoda\" width=\"560\" height=\"420\" srcset=\"http:\/\/bozppo-neu.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/skoronehoda.jpg 960w, http:\/\/bozppo-neu.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/skoronehoda-300x225.jpg 300w, http:\/\/bozppo-neu.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/skoronehoda-768x576.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 560px) 100vw, 560px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-3490\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #400050;\"><em>Formul\u00e1\u0159 pro hl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed skoronehod na intranetu<\/em><\/span><\/p><\/div>\n<p>Zav\u00e1d\u00ed-li, nebo m\u00e1-li zam\u011bstnavatel zaveden, syst\u00e9m managementu BOZP podle <a href=\"http:\/\/bozppo-neu.cz\/?page_id=2802\"><strong>\u010cSN ISO 45001:2018<\/strong><\/a>, mus\u00ed t\u00e9\u017e sledovat tzv. incidenty. T\u011bmi jsou mimo jin\u00e9 skoronehody (v bezpe\u010dnosti pr\u00e1ce skoronehody a <a href=\"http:\/\/bozppo-neu.cz\/?page_id=652\"><strong>pracovn\u00ed \u00farazy<\/strong><\/a> a v ochran\u011b zdrav\u00ed p\u0159i pr\u00e1ci <strong><a href=\"http:\/\/bozppo-neu.cz\/?page_id=3548\">ohro\u017een\u00ed nemoc\u00ed z povol\u00e1n\u00ed<\/a><\/strong>, <strong><a href=\"http:\/\/bozppo-neu.cz\/?page_id=3546\">nemoci z povol\u00e1n\u00ed<\/a><\/strong> a <a href=\"http:\/\/bozppo-neu.cz\/?page_id=3551\"><strong>jin\u00e1 \u0161koda na zdrav\u00ed zam\u011bstnance<\/strong><\/a>).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">2019-11-26<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Skoronehoda (m\u016f\u017eete se setkat i s\u00a0ozna\u010den\u00edm \u201eTo bylo o fous\u201c) je ne\u017e\u00e1douc\u00ed ud\u00e1lost, kter\u00e1 si nevy\u017e\u00e1dala negativn\u00ed n\u00e1sledek, nebo\u0165 chyb\u011bla posledn\u00ed p\u0159\u00ed\u010dina pro vznik pracovn\u00edho \u00farazu \u2013 ne\u017e\u00e1douc\u00ed kontakt. Pouze ve stejn\u00fd okam\u017eik a na stejn\u00e9m m\u00edst\u011b do\u0161lo jen ke st\u0159etu nebezpe\u010dn\u00e9ho \u010dinitele (stroj, za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, l\u00e1tka, pracovn\u00ed \u010dinnost, zv\u00ed\u0159e, \u010dlov\u011bk atd.) s\u00a0nebezpe\u010dn\u00fdm jedn\u00e1n\u00edm \u010dlov\u011bka. Jedn\u00e1 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/bozppo-neu.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3486"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/bozppo-neu.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/bozppo-neu.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/bozppo-neu.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/bozppo-neu.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=3486"}],"version-history":[{"count":24,"href":"http:\/\/bozppo-neu.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3486\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6005,"href":"http:\/\/bozppo-neu.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3486\/revisions\/6005"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/bozppo-neu.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=3486"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}